June 6th, 1934 - Book Review: The Good Old Days: Baseball in the 1930s

The Good Old Days: Baseball in the 1930s

Thomas Gilbert
Watts, pp. 157, index

Thomas Gilbert's The Good Old Days: Baseball in the 1930s is part of a series of slim volumes that covers baseball from its birth in the mid 19th century until the end of the 1940s. Although the books are generally aimed at a school age audience, they are well written and will prove of interest to any generalist who wants to learn the basics about any particular period of the game's development.

Readers of this slim volume will be introduced to Hack Wilson, Connie Mack, Kenesaw Mountain Landis, and, of course Babe Ruth who was still a force in the first part of the decade. They will learn about the emergence of the modern farm system under Branch Rickey and the emergence of radio broadcasts. Many other aspects of the game's developments are well covered in a short space.

Despite its title, Good Old Days is not overly sentimental. In fact, the title is ironic as Gilbert indicates that although we tend to remember the 1930s as being a golden age of baseball, there were many things wrong with it, and he is not shy about pointing them out: low attendance and salaries due to the Great Depression, and a precarious existence for player and fan alike.
"There was nothing graceful, elegant or sporting about life or baseball in the 1930s," he concludes, but notes that the great players and stories from the decade are a rich part of the game's lore and many of the innovations meant to keep the game afloat during the decade contributes significantly to its profitability in the years afterwards. Gilbert credits nostalgia for the era as the chief reason that 44 players from the 1930s are in the Hall of Fame, and calls the decade the "most overrepresented" in terms of Hall membership.

Gilbert portrays the major figures of the era, provides essays on important aspects of the game and its development, and provides an outline of each of the decade's seasons. Although comprehensive by no means, it can be read in just a few hours, hits all the "high points" and is an ideal means to introduce the reader to its subject.

Rating: *** (Worth purchasing used)

Purchasing Information

Although out of print, copies can be obtained through the Amazon Z-Shops.

June 5th, 1934 - How're They Doin'? - Burgess Whitehead

Strat-O-Matic Report

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Batter            Avg  AB   H  2B  3B  HR RBI  BB IBB   K    OBP  Slug OB+Sl



B.Whitehead      .299  67  20   6   0   0   6   1   0   3   .309  .388  .697



vs. Left         .318  22   7   4   0   0   0   0   0   1   .318  .500  .818



vs. Right        .289  45  13   2   0   0   6   1   0   2   .304  .333  .638







Clutch           .400   5   2   0   0   0   3   0   0   0   .400  .400  .800



Loaded          1.000   1   1   0   0   0   2   0   0   0  1.000 1.000 2.000



 



          G  PA SH SF HBP CI GDP  PAvg PAB  PH PHR LOB GWRBI GS   TB Streak



Misc.    20  71  3  0   0  0   2  .250   4   1   0  10   0    0   26   4- 9



 



          GB  FB  G/F  Pitch P/PA    RC  RC/27 TotAvg  Prod IsoPw  AB/HR



Averages  39  28 1.39    256 3.61   7.6   3.94   .571  .697  .090   ----



 



                  Run  SB  CS  SB% SB2 CS2 SB3 CS3 SBH CSH BRC BRA BRO



Baserunning         9   1   0 1.00   1   0   0   0   0   0   6   5   0



 



Fielding            G  GS    Inn   PO    A   E  DP TP  Pct.



3rd Baseman        15  13  114.0   14   28   0   3  1 1.000



Short Stop          2   0    7.1    1    4   0   0  0 1.000

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A Request for Suggestions

The current format of relaying game results is getting a bit tedious and difficult to maintain. Plus, it will take a LONG time to get through the season if we take two real days to post the results of every single replay day.

I'm open to suggestions for what readers would like to see in terms of relaying game information. Some potential choices include weekly updates, simply posting the box scores and game summaries (you'll get more information per game - not less), or only blogging on the "interesting" games while keeping everyone updated on standings and leaders.

Any thoughts / suggestions would be helpful. Please feel free to comment here or to E-mail me at BaseballinDC@gmail.com.

Thanks.

June 5th, 1934 - NL Game Summaries

Cubs Defeat Cards at Sportman's Park
Klein goes yard twice; Warneke picks up 9th win

Cubs............ 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 - 7 11 0
Cardinals.... 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 - 5 6 0

Chuck Klein blasted 2 homeruns and had 4 RBI at Sportsman's Park as the Chicago Cubs beat the St. LouisCardinals by the count of 7 to 5.

Klein provided the offensive punch. He cracked a two-run shot in the 1stinning and popped a two-run clout over the fence (his 6th of the season) inthe 7th inning. Chicago finished with 11 hits in the victory. Paul Warneke(9-1) finished the game allowing 5 runs in the victory, which was still good enough to pick up his ninth win and build his case with the All Star voters to make him the NL's starting pitcher. Paul Dean (3-3) was the losing pitcher. He served up 3 homeruns in his 7 innings.


Braves Keep Lid on Giants' Sluggers in
3-2 Win
Jordan drives in winning run in 8th to beat Giants

Braves.......... 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 - 3 14 0
Giants.......... 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 - 2 6 0

Ben Cantwell (pictured) went the distance as the Boston Braves outscored the New York Giants 3 to 2. The game was decided in the top of the 8th inning. Al Spohrer lashed a single. Cantwell stepped up to the plate and he singled. Bill Urbanski then drew a walk to load the bases. Buck Jordan came up and he laced a one-base hit scoring the run.

The victory was credited to Cantwell (2-2) who went the distance, allowing 2 runs. The loss was charged to Hal Schumacher(5-4).



Dodgers Sweep Phils on the Road

Ungracious guests outscore host 19-4

Dodgers......... 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 1 - 9 14 0

Phillies.......... 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 - 2 11 0

Dodgers...... 0 0 4 2 2 0 2 0 0 - 10 15 2

Phillies........ 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 - 2 4 2

The Brooklyn Dodgers cruised to a 9 to 2 victory over the Philadelphia Phillies at Baker Bowl in the opener. Van Lingle Mungo(5-7) had a solid outing for Brooklyn. He went 8 and 2/3 innings allowing 11 hits and 3 walks. Brooklyn kept the pressure on throughout the contest as they scored in 6 different innings.

The story was similar in the nightcap. Dodger first baseman Sam Leslie (pictured) went deep and had 2 RBI and Ray Benge completed thegame without help from the bullpen as the Dodgers defeated the Phillies by the score of 10 to 2 at Baker Bowl. Benge(6-5) gave Brooklyn a solid outing. He was stingy on the mound, allowingjust 4 hits and 3 walks in 9 innings reducing his ERA from 4.38 to 4.00.Brooklyn had 15 hits for the afternoon. Reggie Grabowski (0-2) ended up with the loss. He was knocked around by Brooklyn, allowing 14 hits and 2 walks in 6 innings.

June 5th, 1934 - AL Game Summaries

Tigers Split Doubleheader with Tribe
Auker leads team to win in nightcap

Indians......... 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 3 1 - 9 15 0
Tigers.......... 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 - 3 8 0

Indians......... 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 - 3 7 4
Tigers............ 0 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 - 5 5 1

The Cleveland Indians easily topped the Detroit Tigers; the final score was 9to 3. Lloyd Brown(3-3) gave a fine effort for Cleveland. He went 8 and 1/3 inningsallowing 8 hits and no walks. Cleveland kept the pressure on throughout thecontest as they scored in 6 different innings. Vic Sorrell(3-4) took the loss. He gave up 12 hits and 1 walk in 6 and 1/3innings.

Elden Auker went the distance at Navin Field as the Detroit Tigers beat theCleveland Indians by the count of 5 to 3. Auker(6-2) pitched a fine game. He was reached for 7 hits and no walks in 9innings. Detroit had only 5 hits for the game. Monte Pearson(5-4) absorbed the loss. He surrendered 5 hits and 3 walks in 8innings.



Red Sox Win in 5-4 Comeback at the Fen
Werber's 4 hits push Sox past rivals

Yankees......... 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 - 4 8 2
Red Sox......... 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 2 - 5 13 2

Billy Werber had 4 hits and 2 RBI and Rube Walberg went 3 strong innings at Fenway Park as the Boston Red Sox came back dramatically to top the New YorkYankees by the score of 5 to 4.

Boston scored the decisive runs in a big bottom of the 9th inning with 2 runs utilizing 3 base hits. After an out was recorded, Bill Cissell started the attack as he laced a one-base hit. Cissell got a great jump and stole second easily. Werber then laced a single resulting in a run. Werber took second on the throw. One out later, Roy Johnson stepped up to the plate and he doubled, giving Boston the win much to the delight of the home town crowd. Overall Boston out-hit New York 13 to 8.

The victory was credited to Walberg(4-1) who went 3 innings, allowing no runs. The losing pitcher was Burleigh Grimes(1-1) in relief. 'That was exciting!,' Werber said. 'I would have paid money to watch this one.'


Nats "Take Two" from Philadelphians
Stone leads home team to two wins in an afternoon

Athletics....... 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 - 4 8 0
Nationals....... 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 - 6 12 0

Athletics....... 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 - 1 9 0
Nationals....... 0 1 0 1 3 0 0 1 - 6 12 0

In the first game of the double header in Washington, John Stone had 2 base hits and 2 RBI as the Nationals beat the Philadelphia Athletics 6 to 4. Washington did all of it's offensive work in the 4th inning when they scored 6runs on 6 hits. The key offensive moment was provided by Stone who brought the crowd to their feet when he stroked a single scoring two baserunners.

In the second game, Stone had 2 base hits and 2 RBI and Monte Weaver allowed Joe Cronin to rest his bullpen, tossing a complete game. Philadelphia never recovered after Washington took the lead in the 2nd inning, plating an isolated run using 2 hits. Washington managed 12 in their victory. Weaver(6-4) finished the game allowing 1 run in the victory. JoeCascarella(4-2) was given the loss. He got hit pretty hard, allowing 12 hitsand 7 walks in 7 and 2/3 innings.


Sox Sweep Anemic Browns
St. Louis bats keep singing the blues

Browns.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 8 0
White Sox....... 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 1 - 5 8 2

Browns.......... 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 - 2 10 4
White Sox....... 0 1 1 1 0 0 3 0 - 6 9 0

In the first game Sam Jones threw a complete game shutout and Al Simmons homered and had 2 RBIas the Chicago White Sox defeated the reeling St. Louis Browns by a score of 5 to 0 at Comiskey Park. Jones(4-5) earned his pay with a solid performance for Chicago. He went 9 innings surrendering 8 hits and 3 walks lowering his ERA from 5.32 to 4.68. Chicago and St. Louis each finished the afternoon with 8 hits. George Blaeholder(2-6) took the loss.

In the nightcap, Jimmy Dykes had 2 base hits and 2 RBI and Les Tietje (pictured) allowed Dykes to rest hisbullpen, tossing a complete game at Comiskey Park as the Chicago White Soxbeat the slumping St. Louis Browns by the count of 6 to 2. In the 4th inning Chicago went on top for good scoring a single run. After two outs Tietje stroked a single, and an error was also committed, scoring the run. Chicago banged out 9 on the afternoon. The victory was credited to Tietje(2-3) who went the distance, allowing 2runs. The Chicago ballclub's record now stands at 18-24.

Browns skipper Rogers Hornsby was unhappywith his club's recent performance. 'We can't keep losing games' he said.'It gets to be embarrassing after a while.'

June 4th, 1934 - AL Standings and Leaders

NEWSPAPER STYLE RECAP FOR 1934 American League Date: 6/4/1934 TEAM WON LOST BATTING AVERAGE HOME RUNS RUNS BATTED IN 1934 DEA 25 17 J.Stone WAA .431 L.Gehrig NYA 19 L.Gehrig NYA 64 1934 WAA 25 19 J.Vosmik CLA .420 J.Foxx PHA 16 J.Foxx PHA 40 1934 PHA 23 18 E.Averill CLA .397 E.Averill CLA 14 E.Averill CLA 35 1934 BOA 23 19 G.Walker DEA .377 B.Johnson PHA 10 C.Gehring DEA 35 1934 NYA 22 19 OTHERS TIED W .368 Z.Bonura CHA 9 M.Owen DEA 35 1934 CLA 19 18 1934 CHA 16 24 WINS SAVES ERA 1934 SLA 10 29 E.Whitehi WAA 8 C.Hogsett DEA 5 J.Murphy NYA 2.55 L.Gomez NYA 6 H.Pennock BOA 4 B.Newsom SLA 2.72 OTHERS TIED W 5 F.Ostermu BOA 4 B.Weiland *** 2.72 J.Murphy NYA 3 R.Ruffing NYA 2.80 OTHERS TIED W 2 M.Harder CLA 2.87 CUR HIT STREAK STOLEN BASES STRIKEOUTS J.Burns SLA 17 B.Werber BOA 11 L.Gomez NYA 49 B.Myer WAA 11 B.Chapman NYA 9 B.Newsom SLA 45 OTHERS TIED W 9 J.White DEA 8 R.Ruffing NYA 37 G.Walker DEA 8 S.Rowe DEA 36 OTHERS TIED W 7 T.Bridges DEA 36 YESTERDAY'S GAMES TODAY'S SCHEDULE AND PROBABLE STARTERS BOA 4 at WAA 5 CLA 6 at SLA 3 DEA 10 at CHA 0 NYA 2 at PHA 4 WHO'S HOT - BEST IN LAST 10 DAYS BATTER TM AVG AB H RB BB HR PITCHER TM IP H ER BB Ks HR WLS L.Gehrig NYA .405 42 17 14 5 7 T.Bridges DEA 27 17 5 12 18 0 300 E.Averill CLA .361 36 13 7 9 4 L.Brown CLA 17 11 1 6 5 0 200 Z.Bonura CHA .341 41 14 9 7 4 E.Whitehill WAA 26 17 7 8 9 1 110 C.Gehringer DEA .455 44 20 10 12 1 M.Pearson CLA 18 14 4 12 4 0 200 H.Greenberg DEA .349 43 15 10 7 3 M.Weaver WAA 17 15 3 6 5 2 200 WHO'S NOT - WORST IN LAST 10 DAYS BATTER TM AVG AB H RB BB HR PITCHER TM IP H ER BB Ks HR WLS B.Cissell BOA .212 52 11 1 2 0 R.Mahaffey PHA 9 11 11 6 3 4 020 O.Melillo SLA .200 35 7 2 2 0 J.Heving CHA 6 17 10 4 2 0 000 F.Crosetti NYA .143 28 4 2 3 0 J.Marcum PHA 13 25 15 3 5 0 010 E.Madjeski CHA .222 36 8 2 2 0 L.Stewart WAA 7 14 7 5 4 1 010 R.Warstler PHA .200 40 8 2 4 0 R.Van Atta NYA 6 11 5 1 1 0 010 INJURY REPORT No injuries to report

LEAGUE STANDINGS FOR 1934 American League WON LOST PCT GB MAGIC# ACTWON ACTLOST ACTPCT 1934 Detroit DEA 25 17 .595 ---- 112 101 53 .656 1934 Washington WAA 25 19 .568 1.0 66 88 .429 1934 Philadelphia PHA 23 18 .561 1.5 68 82 .453 1934 Boston BOA 23 19 .548 2.0 76 76 .500 1934 New York NYA 22 19 .537 2.5 90 64 .584 1934 Cleveland CLA 19 18 .514 3.5 85 69 .552 1934 Chicago CHA 16 24 .400 8.0 53 99 .349 1934 St. Louis SLA 10 29 .256 13.5 67 85 .441 OVERALL RECORD Team WON LOST PCT HOME ROAD LEFT RIGHT EXTRA 1-RUN LAST 10 STREAK BOA 23 19 .548 12- 8 11-11 5- 4 18-15 3- 3 9- 6 6-4 Lost 2 CHA 16 24 .400 6-15 10- 9 3- 1 13-23 1- 1 2- 5 3-7 Lost 3 CLA 19 18 .514 13- 6 6-12 5- 6 14-12 1- 1 4- 4 7-3 Won 2 DEA 25 17 .595 11- 9 14- 8 4- 7 21-10 1- 2 8- 7 8-2 Won 7 NYA 22 19 .537 10- 8 12-11 5- 4 17-15 2- 1 4- 6 7-3 Lost 1 PHA 23 18 .561 12- 9 11- 9 4- 2 19-16 3- 1 7- 2 3-7 Won 1 SLA 10 29 .256 7-15 3-14 4- 8 6-21 0- 3 2- 9 1-9 Lost 5 WAA 25 19 .568 13- 9 12-10 4- 7 21-12 2- 1 6- 3 5-5 Won 2 TOTAL 163 163 .500 TEAM -APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT+ BOA 8- 3 13-14 2- 2 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 CHA 6- 4 10-17 0- 3 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 CLA 6- 3 11-15 2- 0 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 DEA 5- 5 17-12 3- 0 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 NYA 4- 7 16-11 2- 1 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 PHA 5- 7 17- 9 1- 2 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 SLA 2- 7 8-20 0- 2 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 WAA 6- 6 17-11 2- 2 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 WINS ARE ACROSS, LOSSES ARE DOWN: TEAM BOA CHA CLA DEA NYA PHA SLA WAA BOA - 2 2 4 3 3 3 6 CHA 3 - 3 3 1 0 3 3 CLA 3 3 - 2 1 3 5 2 DEA 3 6 1 - 3 3 7 2 NYA 1 5 3 2 - 5 3 3 PHA 3 4 4 3 4 - 3 2 SLA 2 0 2 0 4 1 - 1 WAA 4 4 3 3 3 3 5 -

June 4th, 1934 - NL Standings and Leaders

NEWSPAPER STYLE RECAP FOR 1934 National League Date: 6/4/1934 TEAM WON LOST BATTING AVERAGE HOME RUNS RUNS BATTED IN 1934 NYN 31 13 J.Medwick SLN .409 G.Hartnet CHN 11 M.Ott NYN 42 1934 CHN 26 18 M.Ott NYN .404 M.Ott NYN 11 A.Vaughan PIN 34 1934 SLN 23 19 B.Terry NYN .388 R.Collins SLN 8 J.Medwick SLN 33 1934 PIN 19 20 E.Allen PHN .387 W.Berger BON 7 G.Hartnet CHN 32 1934 BRN 19 21 A.Vaughan PIN .372 L.Koeneck BRN 7 G.Suhr PIN 32 1934 PHN 16 22 1934 BON 16 23 WINS SAVES ERA 1934 CIN 12 26 C.Hubbell NYN 10 W.Hoyt PIN 4 C.Hubbell NYN 1.47 L.Warneke CHN 8 J.Haines SLN 4 L.Warneke CHN 2.21 F.Fitzsim NYN 7 B.Smith BON 3 B.Cantwel BON 2.42 OTHERS TIED W 5 H.Bell NYN 3 F.Fitzsim NYN 2.44 D.Luque NYN 3 C.Davis PHN 2.78 CUR HIT STREAK STOLEN BASES STRIKEOUTS J.Bottoml CIN 14 P.Martin SLN 9 V.Mungo BRN 58 B.Herman CHN 13 J.Rothroc SLN 6 D.Dean SLN 55 S.Davis SLN 11 D.Taylor BRN 5 L.Warneke CHN 48 P.Martin SLN 11 OTHERS TIED W 4 C.Hubbell NYN 40 T.Jackson NYN 10 P.Malone CHN 37 YESTERDAY'S GAMES TODAY'S SCHEDULE AND PROBABLE STARTERS BRN 8 at BON 3 CHN 4 at CIN 5 PHN 1 at NYN 4 SLN 9 at PIN 3 WHO'S HOT - BEST IN LAST 10 DAYS BATTER TM AVG AB H RB BB HR PITCHER TM IP H ER BB Ks HR WLS M.Ott NYN .303 33 10 8 9 4 C.Hubbell NYN 18 8 0 3 8 0 200 M.McManus BON .355 31 11 8 6 3 T.Carleton SLN 18 11 3 3 5 0 200 R.Moore BON .333 27 9 6 9 1 F.Frankhouse BON 18 9 4 5 7 0 200 E.Allen PHN .563 32 18 9 6 0 F.Fitzsimmons NYN 16 17 1 1 0 0 200 C.Klein CHN .400 35 14 9 5 1 L.Warneke CHN 18 9 4 6 6 1 200 WHO'S NOT - WORST IN LAST 10 DAYS BATTER TM AVG AB H RB BB HR PITCHER TM IP H ER BB Ks HR WLS P.Whitney BON .158 38 6 3 0 0 B.Hallahan SLN 10 17 11 4 2 0 020 T.Piet CIN .235 34 8 0 1 0 L.Munns BRN 6 10 9 5 6 1 010 D.Bartell PHN .222 36 8 0 2 0 R.Lucas PIN 13 24 12 4 4 3 020 L.Waner PIN .182 44 8 4 1 0 R.Lucas BRN 5 5 6 7 1 0 010 B.Jordan BON .205 39 8 1 4 0 H.Meine PIN 11 21 11 2 5 2 010 INJURY REPORT No injuries to report

LEAGUE STANDINGS FOR 1934 National League WON LOST PCT GB MAGIC# ACTWON ACTLOST ACTPCT 1934 New York NYN 31 13 .705 ---- 106 93 60 .608 1934 Chicago CHN 26 18 .591 5.0 86 65 .570 1934 St. Louis SLN 23 19 .548 7.0 95 58 .621 1934 Pittsburgh PIN 19 20 .487 9.5 74 76 .493 1934 Brooklyn BRN 19 21 .475 10.0 71 81 .467 1934 Philadelphia PHN 16 22 .421 12.0 56 93 .376 1934 Boston BON 16 23 .410 12.5 78 73 .517 1934 Cincinnati CIN 12 26 .316 16.0 52 99 .344 OVERALL RECORD Team WON LOST PCT HOME ROAD LEFT RIGHT EXTRA 1-RUN LAST 10 STREAK BON 16 23 .410 9-12 7-11 0- 5 16-18 2- 1 5- 7 6-4 Lost 1 BRN 19 21 .475 7-11 12-10 5- 5 14-16 0- 0 3- 8 4-6 Won 1 CHN 26 18 .591 14- 8 12-10 7- 2 19-16 1- 1 10- 5 4-6 Lost 1 CIN 12 26 .316 8-13 4-13 3- 4 9-22 2- 2 7- 6 4-6 Won 1 NYN 31 13 .705 17- 6 14- 7 8- 3 23-10 1- 3 10- 7 9-1 Won 8 PHN 16 22 .421 11- 5 5-17 3- 7 13-15 1- 1 5- 7 4-6 Lost 3 PIN 19 20 .487 11-10 8-10 7- 8 12-12 1- 1 4- 7 4-6 Lost 3 SLN 23 19 .548 12- 8 11-11 5- 5 18-14 3- 2 6- 3 6-4 Won 3 TOTAL 162 162 .500 TEAM -APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT+ BON 5- 6 9-16 2- 1 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 BRN 6- 5 12-14 1- 2 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 CHN 8- 4 17-12 1- 2 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 CIN 4- 7 6-18 2- 1 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 NYN 6- 5 22- 8 3- 0 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 PHN 5- 6 11-13 0- 3 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 PIN 7- 3 11-14 1- 3 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 SLN 3- 8 17-10 3- 1 0- 0 0- 0 0- 0 WINS ARE ACROSS, LOSSES ARE DOWN: TEAM BON BRN CHN CIN NYN PHN PIN SLN BON - 5 2 4 2 1 2 0 BRN 3 - 1 4 2 3 3 3 CHN 4 6 - 5 3 2 2 4 CIN 2 0 4 - 1 2 1 2 NYN 3 5 2 5 - 6 5 5 PHN 4 2 4 1 2 - 2 1 PIN 1 2 4 3 1 4 - 4 SLN 6 1 1 4 2 4 5 -